Drill-operating tool.



R. GABRIELSKY.

DRILL OPERATING TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED APR. I7. I9I2. IIENEwED ocT. 21. 1914.

L Mmm l D Patented. May 25 1915.

4 sHEEIs-SIIEET I.

MIM II l L Q I m ifIIIII/IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII l ma m . UWE/WOR R. GABRIELSKY.

DRILL OPERATING TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED AP1-1.17. 1912. 11ENEwD'ocT.21.1914. Lll L.,

Patented May 25, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1HE NUNRIS PETERS co., PHOT-LITHO., WA MINGTDN, c

R1 GABRIELSKY.

DRILL OPERATING TOOL. l APPLICATION H1511 A1 11.17, 1912. RENEwED ocT.21,1914. Llll' Patented May 25, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

l/WENTOR THE NORRIS PETERS C0., PHOTGLITHO., WASHINGIUN, D. C.

R. GABRIELSKY.

DRILL OPERATING TOOL;

APPLICATION FILED APR. I7, 1912. IIEIIEwIzn 001.21.1914.

l gl l o Patented May 25, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

` P BV r nlg MIIJHIS PETE/5s CD., PHOTO-MIMO.. WASHINGYON, p. c,

RICHARD GABRIELSKY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY;

DRILL-OPERATING Toor..

Maasai.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patent-eri May a5, i915.

Application le. April 17, 1912, Serial No. 691,450. Renewed October 21, 1914. Serial No. 867,904.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, RICHARD GABRIELSKY, residing at Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drill-Operating rlools, of which the following is a specification.

rlhis invention relates to a hand operating tool of the reciprocating oscillatory type, for operating a drill, such as is commonly employed for boring into metal and the like.

The particular object sought to be attained is the provision of a tool which will operate to producea rotation of the drill continuously in the same direction regardless of the reciprocating oscillatory movement of the operating handle.

A further object is to provide a selective semi-automatic means for conveniently effecting a feeding of the drill into the work at the will of the operator without interfering with the movements of the operating handle.

A further object is to provide for a convenient adjustment of the height of the tool whereby it may be quickly adjusted to suit the available space between the work and the backing of the tool.

A further object is to provide a simple, compact and practical device of the class described, such as may be cheaply manufactured, and which consists of durable parts easily assembled and disassembled for the making of repairs or for the substitution of worn or broken parts, and wherein the gearing is concealed and protected by a suitable housing capable of retaining a lubricant for the gears.

rlhe above and further objects of the invention are set forth in the appended claims, which should be read in connection with the specification, which has reference to the illustrative embodiments of the invention shown in the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, and in which- Figure 1 is a vertical, transverse, sectional view, partly in elevation through a tool constructed in accordance with this invention; Fig. 2 is a horizontal, transverse, sectional view, partly in elevation, said section being taken substantially on the plane of line I-II of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a horizontal, transverse, sectional view of the head portion of the tool, said section being taken substantially on the plane of line III-III of Fig. 1, parts being shown in elevation; Fig. 4 is a top plan view of a portion of the feeding device; Fig. 5 is an enlarged, horizontal, sectional view taken substantially on the plane of line V-V of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a side elevational view, partly in section, of a modiiied embodiment; Fig. 7 is a vertical, transverse, sectional view, partly in elevation, said section being taken substantially on the plane of line VII-VH of Fig. 6; Fig. S is a top plan view of the structure shown in Fig. 6; and Fig. 9 is a vertical, transverse, sectional view partly in elevation of the head portion of the structure shown in Fig. G, said section being taken on a plane at right angles to that shown in Fig. 7, being the plane of line IX-IX of Fig. 8.

Referring to the drawings by numerals, and particularly to the structure shown in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive, 1 indicates the head of the tool formed with a relatively large circular aperture Q, in which is mounted a housing 3, about which the head is adapted to rotate. The lower end of the housing 3 is formed with a centrally disposed bearing 4, in which is rotatably mounted the drill carrying gear 5. rThe drill 6 projects into the hollow of the gear and is retained against a rotation relative thereto by having its upper end 7 flattened and projected through a rectangular opening 8 formed in said gear. A handle 9 extends into engagement with the lower end of the housing 3 in such manner as to prevent a rotary movement of said housing except as said handle is moved. The handle is formed with an aperture 10 through which the lower end 11 of the gear 5 loosely projects. A collar 12 is fixed uponthe lower end of the portion 11 and serves as a support to reinforce the .connection of the handle 9 with the housing 3.

The handle 9 is connected to the housing 3 in such manner as to leave an open space between a portion of said handle and the lower end of the housing, and within this space, and rigidly fixed to the gear 5, is a ratchet wheel 13, the upper face of which is spaced slightly from the lower face of the housing. A ball-race and balls as 14 are interposed for providing an antifriction thrust-bearing between said ratchet and said housing. The upper end of the housing 3 is closed by a screw cap 15 which is formed with a bearing 16 axially alined with the bearing 4 in the lower end of the housing,

and a gear 17 is rotatably mounted in said bearing. A ratchet 18 is rigidly fixed to the gear 17 above the cap 15. The housing 3 forms a sealed chamber for the gears and serves to effectually protect them from dust and moisture, and may serve to contain a lubricant in which the gears will run to avoid friction and wear.

The teeth of the ratchet 13 are disposed oppositely relatively to the teeth of the ratchet 18, as clearly shown by reference to Figs. 2 and 3, and a pair of spring-pressed dogs 19 and 20, carried by the head 1, have their free, or outer, ends appropriately formed for engaging said ratchets. An intermediate or reversing gear 21 is rotatably mountedwithin the,` housing 3 upon a stubshaft 22, and the teeth thereof are in constant mesh with the teeth of the gears 5 and 17.

From the structure set forth it is apparent that a movement of the operating handle 23 in a forward direction will cause an engagement between the dog 20 and the ratchet`l3 and produce a positive rotation of the drill in the same direction as that in which thevk handle is moved. By moving the handle in a reverse or backwarddirection the dog 19 will engage the ratchet 1.8 and turn said ratchet, and with it the gear 17, with the handle 23. Assuming the handle 9 to be .held relatively stationary; the rotation of the gear 17 will be tranmsitted through the gear 21 to the drill carrying gear 5 in a` reverse direction to the direction of movement in the handle, and the drill will therefore continue to rotate in the same direction as that in which it moved under impulse of the dog 20, dog 2O meanwhile clicking over the passingteeth of the ratchet 13. Obviously, if, during the backward movement of the handle 23, as just described, the handle 9 is simultaneously drawn forward,

the movement of the drill will be accelerated.v

The gear 17 in the upper portion of the housing 3 projects considerably above the level of the ratchet wheel 18 and said gear and projectionv thereof are made hollow to accommodate the compression screw 24 which is movable into and out of the housing for adjusting its upper cone-shaped head 25 relatively to the work.

In order that the screw 24 may be quickly and conveniently adjusted without 'the necessity for the relatively slow process of screwing it continuously throughout its adjustment, the portions of the walls of the extension of the gear 17 are cut away as is seen in Figs. 1 and5, and within said cut away portions are diametrically, oppositely disposed, separately formed pieces 26 having screw threads formed upon their inner surfaces adapted to engage the threads of the screw V24. The pieces 26 are normally pressed outwardly by .suitable interposed springs 27, so that the threads thereof are held out of the path of the threads of the screw 24. A sliding collar 28 lits over the gear extension and is adapted to be moved longitudinally thereof, and has an annular groove 29 formed in its inner surface intocomes necessary to feed the same forward in order to maintain the desired pressure between the working surface and the backing, represented at 32, with which the upper end of the screw 24 engages. This is a well known adjustment, and it is a part of this invention to provide for a semi-automatic means for accomplishing the same selectively at the will of the operator during the reciprocatory movements of the handle 23. To this end a ratchet 33 is fixed to the screw 24 adjacent its upper end. A pawl or dog 33a,

Vslidably mounted in a tubular casing 34, en-

gages the teeth of said ratchet. The casing 34 is mounted upon a platform 35 carried at the upper end of a guide-rod 36, whichV extends into sliding engagement with a vertical aperture 37 formed throughthe head 1. A groove 38 is formed in the rod 36 and a limiting screw 39, fixed in the housing l, extends into said groove, and serves to prevent said rod from excessive or accidental displacement. In order to maintain the proper relative position of the casing 34 with the ratchet- 33, the platform 35 is extended into pivotal engagement with the upper portion of the screw 24, and moves vertically with said screw. A depending bracket 40 is formed ,upon the opposite end of the platform 35 and provides a pivotal support 41 for a lever 42. The upper end of the'lever 42 is pivotally connected, by pin 43, to the rear end of the dog 33a. The lower end of the lever 42 extends loosely through a slot 44 formed in the handle 23. A springpressed rod 45 is slidably mounted within the hollow 46 of the handle 23 and said rod is cut away adjacent its inner end, as at 46, to receive the lower end portion of the lever 42. The outer end of the rod 45 is fitted with a finger grip 47, which extends through a slot 48 into convenient position to be gripped by aV finger of the operator for drawing back the rod 45 against spring 49. The pressure of the spring 49 serves to maintain the lower end of the lever 42 pressed forward so that the dog 33a is normally held out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet 33. When it is desired to adjust the drill deeper into the work, it is only necessary to draw back upon the nger grip 47, whereupon the lever 42 will be swung and the dog 33a forced into engagement with the teeth of the ratchet 38, and subsequent forward movements of the handle 23 will rotate the screw 24 so long as the dog 33a is in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet. The feeding device is thus rendered selectively operable; for the operator may cause the rotation of the screw to any selected extent and at any desired time during his manipulation of' the operating handle to cause the drill to be fed to the work in accordance as his udgment dictates rather than in a fixed ratio, as in instruments of this kind heretofore constructed. Suitable covers as -51 may be fixed to the head 1 for inclosing and protecting the ratchets 13 and 18.

The structure shown in Figs. 1-5 inclusive as just described, embodies an operating handle movable in a horizontal plane, the tool head being held between the work and the backing, and the operating handle being adapted to reciprocate with an oscillatory motion through a horizontal plane. This structure is particularly adapted for use where the available operating space is longest or more appropriate for such movement than for a movement in a vertical plane, such as that required for the operation of the structure disclosed in Figs. 6 to 9 inclusive. In this latter structure only a single operating handle is required.

Referring particularly tothe structure shown in Figs. 6 to 9, it will be noted that the inventive idea disclosed is the same as that disclosed in the structure of the other figures though the mechanical structural details are somewhat modified in order to produce the same result by a vertical movement of the handle as opposed to the horizontal movement of the handle of the other figures. In this structure (Figs. 6 to 9) the drill carrying gear is interposed between the gears G1 and 62 to which are fixed the ratchets 63 and 61 respectively. The housing 65, corresponding to the housing 3, is held against rotation by the engagement of the drill G6 and the screw 67, with the work and the backing respectively. The head 68 is bifurcated so as to form spaced rings which pivot about the housing 65, and between which the alined drill G6 and screw 67 project into said housing. Spring-pressed dogs 69 and 70 carried by the head 68 engage the opposite disposed ratchets 63 and 6i respectively. In this structure the method of feeding the drill into the work is slightly modified, in that the ratchet 71 for rotating the screw 67 is connected to said screw only by a pin 72, which projects into a longitudinally extending groove 7 3 formed in the side of said screw, so that while said screw is bound to rotate with the ratchet said ratchet does not move longitudinally with the screw. A confining housing fixed to the upper end of the sleeve 75 retains the ratchet 71 against longitudinal movement. The sleeve 75 extends upwardly from the housing and is provided with the same quick release mechanism, as 76, as that described in detail in reference to the structure of the Figs. 1-5 inclusive. In order to rotate the ratchet 71 for feeding the screw 67, this modification includes a pivotally mounted arm 7 7 formed with teeth 7 8 adapted to engage the teeth of the ratchet 71 when said arm is swung toward said teeth. The arm 77 is fixedto a shaft 7 9 rotatably mounted on the head 68 and a coil spring 8O is arranged about a portion of said shaft for exerting a tension upon said shaft which normally holds the arm 77 away from the teeth of the ratchet 71. A convenient means of operating the arm 77 is illustrated and comprises a laterally extending short arm 81 fixed to the arm 77 adjacent the shaft 7 9, and a link 82 extending along the operating handle 83 into engagement with a sleeve S11 slidably mounted upon said operating handle and formed with a finger grip 85. By this means, the operator may draw back the sleeve S5 for rotating the shaft 79 and moving the teeth 78 into engagement with the teeth of the ratchet 71, at will, without interfering with his operation of the handle 83. A pair of limiting pins 87 are arranged to prevent undue movement of the short arm 81. Suitable covers 8S are provided for inclosing and protecting the ratchets 63 and G4. In the operation of the structure shown in these figures movement of the operating handle 83 downwardly will cause the dog 70 to engage and rotate the ratchet 61 and with it the gear 62. The gear 62, meshing with the drill carrying gear 60, will rotate said gear and drill in a clock-wise direction. The gear 61 and connected ratchet 63 will rotate in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the gear and ratchet 62 and Gi, and the teeth of said ratchet 63 will click past the end of the dog 69.

Movement of the operating handle 83 upwardly will cause the dog G9 to engage and rotate the ratchet 63 and with it the gear 61, the teeth of which, meshing with the teeth of the drill carrying gear GO, will cause said gear and drill to continue to rotate in a clock-wise direction. The ratchet 64 will now click past the dog 70. The reciprocating oscillatory movement of the operating handle may thus be continued for continuing the rotation of the drill, and the arm 77 may be swung into engagement with the ratchet 71 for feeding the drill into the work as the drilling continues.

lVhen a hole has been drilled to the required depth and it is desired to release the tool, it may be that the pressure between the backing 32 and the work will be so great as to prevent easy movement of the sleeve 28, or the easy backward rotation of the ratchet 33. In order to release the tool under these conditions it is apart of this invention to provide a series of radially arranged sockets 92 upon the screw 2a' (or 67), said sockets being preferably formed in a portion of the ratchet 33 (7l). Conveniently retained within the end of the operating handle is a bodily detachable pin 89 held against accidental displacement by a split spring ring 90 arranged to engage an annular groove 91 formed upon said pin. The pin may be withdrawn at will and inserted in any 'one of the sockets 92 for use as a. lever to force rotation of the screw until pressure thereon is sufficiently reduced to enable movement of the screwV with the lingers.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a drill operating tool, the combina* tion with a head for carrying the drill; of means for adjusting said drill to the work comprising a screw; a separately formed member carried by said head having threads adapted to engage the threads of said screw; and means for disengaging the threads of said separately formed member from the threads of Asaid screw at will whereby said screw may be free to move longitudinally without rotation.

2. In a drill operating tool, the combination with a head, of a handle for oscillating said head to rotate said drill; and selective means for feeding said drill into the work comprising, a screw; a ratchet for rotating said screw; a dog movable with said head for engaging said ratchet; and means eX- tending along said handle controllable by the fingers of the operator for moving said dog into engaging relation with said ratchet at will.

,3. In a drill operating tool, the combination with a head for carrying the drill; of means for adjusting said drill to the work comprising a screw; a pair of diametrically opposed members carried by said head having threads on their inner surfaces adapted to engage the threads of said screw; means intermediate said members for normally holding said members so that the threads thereof are outof engagement with threads of the screw to leave said screw free to be moved longitudinally without rotation; and means engaging said members adapted to be moved relatively thereto for forcing said memberstoward each other so as to move the threads of said members into engagement with the threads of said screw.

4. In a drill operating tool, the combination with means adapted for retaining a drill, an operating handle therefor, a screw for feeding said drill to the work, said screw being rotatable for effecting longi-V tudinal adjustment thereof, and means for rotating said screw, of means for effecting longitudinal adjustment of said screw without rotation thereof.

5. In a drill operating tool, the combination with means adapted for carrying a drill, an operating handle therefor, a screw for feeding the drill to the work, means engaging the threads of said screw whereby rotation of the screw will effect vertical adjustment thereof, and means for rotating the screw, of means for releasing said thread engaging means from said screw whereby said screw may be capable of longitudinal adjustment without rotation.

b'. In a drill operating tool, the combination with means adapted for carrying a drill, an operating handle therefor, and a screw for feeding the drill to the work, of

a plurality of members 4engaging the threads o of said screw whereby rotation of said screw will effect longitudinal adjustment thereof,

means for rotating the screw, and means for removing said thread engaging members from the threads of said screw whereby said screw may be capable of longitudinal adjustment without rotation.

7. A drill operating tool comprising a tube-like rotatablehead open at both ends, a handle for rotating said head in two directions, a hollow housing fitted within said head having a cylindricalv exterior surface engaging the inner surface of the head, said housing being rotatable co-aXially independently of said head and havingY parts nrojecting beyond opposite ends of the head, said housing having shoulders formed on the projecting parts thereof and engaging the end surfaces of the head to retain the housing against longitudinal movement within the head, a handle connected to said housing projecting into cooperative relation with said first mentioned handle, end walls closing the opposite ends of said housing, a pair of ratchet wheels outside of said housing arranged one adjacent the outer surface of each of said end walls and having oppositely disposed teeth, a pair of pawls carried by the head each engaging one of the ratchet wheels, a pair of gears arranged inside of said housing,the end walls of the housingbeing each formed with a bearing aperture therethrough, a shaft connectedo each of said gears rotatably mounted in said bearing apertures and extending outwardly therethrough, means connecting the outer ends of said shafts to said ratchet wheels, means for connecting the drill to wheels arranged outside of said head and having oppositely disposed teeth, a pair of pawls carried by said head each engaging one of said ratchet wheels, a pair of gears arranged inside of said head, the head being formed with bearing apertures through the walls thereof, a pair of shafts connected to said gears respectively rotatably mounted in said bearing apertures and extending outwardly therethrough, means connecting the outer ends of said shafts to said ratchet wheels, means for connecting the drill to one of said shafts, an intermediate gear entirely within said head meshing with said pair of gears, said head entirely sealing and protecting all of said gears from dust and moisture, and a pair of auxiliary casings outside of the head for concealing and protecting said ratchet wheels and pawls, substantially as described.

9. ln a drill operating tool, the combination with a head for carrying a drill, an operating handle for said head, and a screw carried by said head for adjusting the drill to the work, said screw being rotatable for effecting longitudinal adjustment thereof, of means for selectively rotating said screw from said operating handle, comprising a pawl and ratchet mechanism, means connecting said pawl and ratchet mechanism to move longitudinally with the screw, a control member for said pawl and ratchet mechanism carried by said handle, and means forming an adjustable connection between said pawl and ratchet mechanism and said control member, whereby to control the pawl and ratchet mechanism from the control member irrespective of the longitudinal adjustment of said screws.

l0. In a drill operating tool, the combination with a rotatable head for carrying a drill, an operating handle for rotating said head, and a screw carried by said head for adjusting the drill to the work, said screw being rotatable for eecting longitudinal adjustment thereof, of means for selectively rotating said screw from said operating handle, comprising a ratchet carried by said screw movable longitudinally therewith, a )awl for engaging said ratchet, a member engaging said pawl and extending into slidable engagement with said head to move said pawl with said head, a member engaging the pawl and extending into rotatable engagement with the screw to move the pawl longitudinally with the screw, a control member for the pawl carried by the handle, and means forming an adjustable connection between said pawl and said control member.

1l. In a drill operating tool, the combination with a rotatable head for carrying a drill, an operating handle for rotating said head, and a screw carried by said head for adjusting the drill to the work, said screw being rotatable for eifecting longitudinal adjustment thereof, of means for selectively rotating said screw from said operating handle, comprising a ratchet carried by said screw movable longitudinally therewith, a pawl for engaging saidratchet, a part upon which said pawl is movably mounted, said part comprising a member engaging the screw to cause said part to move longitudinally with the screw, and comprising a member engaging the head to cause said part to rotate with said head, said part also having a bearing formed thereon, a control member for the pawl carried by the handle, and a lever pivotally mounted upon said bearing having one of its ends connected to said pawl and having its other end adjustably engaging said control member.

12. in a drill operating tool, the combination with a rotatable head for carrying a drill, an operating handle for rotating said head, and a screw carried by said head for adjusting the drill to the work, said screw being rotatable for effecting longitudinal adjustment thereof, of means for selectively rotating said screw from said operating handle, comprising a ratchet carried by said screw movable longitudinally therewith, a pawl for engaging said ratchet, a part upon which said pawl is movably mounted, said part comprising a member engaging the screw to cause said part to move longitudinally with the screw, and comprising a member engaging the head to cause said part to rotate with said head, said part also having a bearing formed thereon, a control member for the pawl carried by the handle, comprising a rod movable longitudinally of the handle, said rod having a guide-way formed transversely thereof, and a lever pivotally mounted upon said bearing having one of its ends pivotally connected to said pawl and having its other end extending into slidable engagement in the guide-way in said control member so as to form an adjustable connection between said pawl and said control member.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

RICHARD GABRIELSKY.

Witnesses CHARLES H. Wilson, MoRRIs BLAIR.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of IEatents, Washington, D. C. 

